Nobel Prize 2023

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Nobel Prize Winner 2023

Nobel Prize in Field of Peace 2023
Narges Mohammadi - For her fight against the oppression of women in Iran & fight to promote human right and freedom for all

Nobel Prize in the Field of Literature 2023
Jon Fosse - For his innovating plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable

Nobel Prize in the Field of Chemistry 2023
Moungi G. Bawendi, Louis E. Brus and Alexei I E. kimor - For discovery of quantum dot (added colour to Nanotechnology)

Nobel Prize in the Field of Physics 2023
Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krousz & Anne L. Huillier - For experimental method that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matters

Nobel Prize in the Field of Physiology or Medicine 2023
Katalin Kariko, Drew Weissman - For discoveries concerning nucleoside base modification that enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines against COVID-19

The Man Behind the Prize - Alfred Nobel
  • Alfred Nobel, best known for inventing dynamite, laid the foundation for the Nobel Prize in 1895 when he wrote his last will, leaving most of his estate to establish the prize.  

  • Since 1901, the Nobel Prize has been honoring men and women around the world for their outstanding contributions in the field of work working in a total of 5 fields (Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature and Peace).  
  • In 1968, Sveriges Riksbank (the Central Bank of Sweden) established the Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel.
  • Money – a gold medal, a diploma, and a monetary prize of 10 million Swedish Krona
  • The Nobel Prize is announced in October and awarded on December 22.

Four Organisation Distributed Noble Prize
  1. Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences is responsible for selecting Nobel Prize winners in physics, chemistry and economic sciences.
  2. Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institute is responsible for selecting the Nobel Prize laureates in Physiology or Medicine.
  3. Swedish Academy is responsible for choosing Nobel Prize winners in Literature.
  4. Norwegian Nobel Committee is responsible for selecting Nobel Peace Prize Winners.

Nobel Prize Quick Facts
  • 60 women have been awarded the Nobel Prize between 1901-2022. Only one woman, Marie Curie, has been awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics twice, in 1903 and the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1911.
  • The work of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) has been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize three times.
  • Rabindranath Tagore was the first Indian to receive the Nobel Prize for Literature in the year 1913.
  • Linus Pauling is the only person to be awarded two shared Nobel Prizes – the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 and the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962.
  • Malala Yousafzai is the youngest Nobel laureate, having received the Peace Prize in 2014 at the age of 17.
  • Among the recipients, 12 are Indians (five Indian citizens and seven of Indian ancestry or residency). 
  • 5 laureates were Indian citizens at the time of their award: 3 were citizens of the Republic of India (Teresa, Sen, Satyarthi) and 2 of British India (Tagore, Raman). Teresa was born in Ottoman Macedonia; the others all in what is now India.
  • Between 1901 and 2023, the Nobel Prizes and the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel were awarded 621 times to 1,000 people and organisations. With some receiving the Nobel Prize more than once, this makes a total of 965 individuals and 27 organisations


List of Nobel Prize winners from India
Rabindranath Tagore
  • Prize Year - 1913
  • Field - Literature
  • Citation - Gitanjali ("because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse, by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West.")
  • Laureate - Khulna district, Bengal, now Bangladesh
  • Born - 7 May 1861 (Kolkata, Bengal, now West Bengal)
  • Died - 7 August 1941 (Kolkata, Bengal, now West Bengal)

Sir CV Raman
  • Prize Year - 1930 
  • Field - Physics 
  • Citation - for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him
  • Born - 7 November 1888 (Tiruchirapalli, Madras, now Tamil Nadu)
  • Laureate - Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (Thanjavur district, Madras, now Tamil Nadu)
  • Died - 21 November 1970 (Bangalore, Karnataka)

Har Gobind Khorana 
  • Prize Year - 1968 
  • Field - Physiology or Medicine
  • Citation - for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis (awarded together with American biochemists Marshall W. Nirenberg and Robert W. Holley)
  • Laureate - Har Gobind Khorana (Multan district, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab)
  • Born - 9 January 1922 
  • Raipur, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab
  • Died - 9 November 2011 
  • Concord, Massachusetts, United States

Mother Teresa
  • Prize Year - 1979 
  • Field - Peace
  • Citation - for her work for bringing help to suffering humanity
  • Laureate - Teresa Bojaxhiu, M.C. (Ottoman, now North Macedonia)
  • Born - 26 August 1910 (Skopje, Ottoman, now North Macedonia)
  • Died - 5 September 1997 (Kolkata, West Bengal)

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
  • Prize Year - 1983 
  • Field - Physics
  • Citation - for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars" (awarded together with American astrophysicist William Alfred Fowler)
  • Laureate - Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (Thanjavur district, Madras, now Tamil Nadu)
  • Born - 19 October 1910 (Lahore, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab)
  • Died - 21 August 1995 (Chicago, Illinois, United States)

Amartya Sen
  • Prize Year - 1998 
  • Field - Economic Sciences
  • Citation - for his contributions to welfare economics
  • Laureate - Amartya Sen (Dhaka district, Bengal, now Bangladesh)
  • Born - 3 November 1933 (Santiniketan, Bolpur, Bengal, now West Bengal)

Venkatraman Ramakrishnan 
  • Prize Year - 2009
  • Field - Chemistry
  • Citation - for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome" (awarded together with American biochemist Thomas A. Steitz and Israeli crystallographer Ada Yonath)
  • Laureate - Venkatraman "Venki" Ramakrishnan (Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu)
  • Born - 1 April 1952 (Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu)

Kailash Satyarthi
  • Prize Year - 2014
  • Field - Peace
  • Citation - for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education" (awarded together with Pakistani activist Malala Yousafzai)
  • Laureate - Kailash Satyarthi (Vidisha district, Madhya Pradesh)
  • Born - 11 January 1954 (Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh)

Abhijit Banerjee
  • Prize Year - 2019
  • Field - Economic Sciences
  • Citation - "for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty" (awarded together with his wife Esther Duflo and American economist Michael Kremer)
  • Laureate -  Abhijit Banerjee (Hooghly district, West Bengal)
  • Born - 21 February 1961 (Mumbai, Maharashtra)

Some other Nobel Prize Winner related to India :
Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul 
  • Prize Year - 2001
  • Field - Literature 
  • Laureate - Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul (Gorakhpur district, United Province, now Uttar Pradesh)
  • Born - 17 August 1932 (Chaguanas Borough Corporation, Trinidad and Tobago)
  • Died - 11 August 2018 (London, United Kingdom)

Ronald Ross
  • Prize Year - 1902
  • Field - Physiology or Medicine
  • Citation - for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it.
  • Laureate - Ronald Ross
  • Born - 13 May 1857 (Almora, Uttarakhand)
  • Died - 16 September 1932 (London, United Kingdom)

Joseph Rudyard Kipling 
  • Prize Year - 1907
  • Field - Literature 
  • Citation - In consideration of the power of observation, originality of imagination, virility of ideas and remarkable talent for narration which characterize the creations of this world-famous author.
  • Laureate - Joseph Rudyard Kipling 
  • Born - 30 December 1865 (Malabar Hill, South Mumbai, Maharashtra)
  • Died - 18 January 1936 (London, United Kingdom)

Other Important Point

Youngest person to receive a Nobel Prize
  • Malala Yousafzai - At the age of 17, received Nobel Peace Prize in 2014

Oldest person to receive a Nobel Prize
  • John B. Goodenough - At the age of 97, received Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2019

Only person to receive more than one unshared Nobel Prize
  • Linus Pauling - Received the prize twice (Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 and Nobel Peace Prize in 1962)

Country with most Nobel laureates
  • United States - 403 Nobel Laureates, as of 2022.

Laureates who have received multiple Nobel Prizes
  • Marie Curie - Received the prize twice (Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 and Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911)
  • International Committee of the Red Cross - Received the prize three times (Nobel Peace Prize in 1917, 1944 and 1963)
  • Linus Pauling - Received the prize twice (Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 and Nobel Peace Prize in1962)
  • John Bardeen - Received the prize twice (Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956 and1972)
  • Frederick Sanger - Received the prize twice (Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1958 and 1980)
  • United Nation High Commissioner For Refugees - Received the prize twice (Nobel Peace Prize in 1954 and 1981).
  • Karl Barry Sharpless - Received the prize twice (Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2001 and 2022)

Posthumous Nobel Prizes laureates
  • Erik Axel Karlfeld - Received Nobel Prize in Literature in 1931
  • Dag Hammarskjold - Received Nobel Peace Prize in 1961
  • Ralph M. Steinman - Received Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2011

Married couples to receive Nobel Prizes
  • Marie Curie, Pierre Curie with Henri Becquerel - Received Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903
  • IreneJoliot-Curie, Frederick Joliot - Received Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1935
  • Gerty Cori, Carl Cori - Received Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1947
  • Gunnar Myrdal - Received Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics Science in 1974 and Alva Myrdal received Nobel Peace Prize in 1982
  • May-Britt Moser, Edvard I. Moser - Received Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2014
  • Esther Duflo,  Abhijit Banerjee along with Michael Kremer - Received Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science in 2019

QUESTIONS PRACTICE

1. "प्रकाश के एटोसेकंड स्पंद उत्पन्न करने के प्रयोगों के लिए" भौतिकी में नोबेल पुरस्कार 2023 किसे दीया गया है? / Who has been awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physics "for experiments to generate attosecond pulses of light"?
 (a) पियरे एगोस्टिनी / Pierre Agostini 
 (b) फ़ेरेन्क क्रूज़ / Ferenc Krousz 
 (c) ऐनी एल हुइलियर / Anne L. Huillier 
 (d) उपरोक्त सभी / All of the Above

2. "ईरान में महिलाओं के उत्पीड़न के खिलाफ लड़ाई के लिए" 2023 के शांति नोबेल पुरस्कार से किसे सम्मानित किया गया है? / Who has been awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Peace "for fight against the oppression of women in Iran"?
(a) नर्गेस मोहम्मदी / Narges Mohammadi 
(b) पियरे एगोस्टिनी / Pierre Agostini 
(c) फ़ेरेन्क क्रूज़ / Ferenc Krousz 
(d) ऐनी एल हुइलियर / Anne L. Huillier 

3. "क्वांटम डॉट की खोज के लिए" रसायन विज्ञान में 2023 नोबेल पुरस्कार से किसे सम्मानित किया गया है? / Who has been awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for discovery of quantum dot"?
(a) मौंगी जी. बावेंडी / Moungi G. Bawendi 
(b) लुई ई. ब्रूस / Louis E. Brus
(c)  एलेक्सी आई ई किमोर / Alexei I E Kimor
(d) उपरोक्त सभी / All of the Above

4. "उनके नवोन्मेषी नाटकों और गद्य जो अनकही को आवाज देते हैं" के लिए साहित्य में 2023 के नोबेल पुरस्कार से किसे सम्मानित किया गया है? / Who has been awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature "for his innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable"?
(a) पियरे एगोस्टिनी / Pierre Agostini
(b) जॉन फॉसे / Jon Fosse
(c) नर्गेस मोहम्मदी / Narges Mohammadi
(d) लुई ई. ब्रूस / Louis E. Brus

5. "न्यूक्लियोसाइड बेस संशोधन से संबंधित खोजों के लिए" चिकित्सा में 2023 नोबेल पुरस्कार से किसे सम्मानित किया गया है? / Who has been awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Medicine "for discoveries concerning nucleoside base modification"?
(a) कटालिन कारिको / Katalin Kariko 
(b) ड्रू वीसमैन / Drew Weissman 
(c) ए और बी दोनों / a and b both
(d) इनमें से कोई नहीं / None of these

6. नर्गेस मोहम्मदी को शांति नोबेल प्राइज 2023 किस कार्य के लिए मिला है? / For what work has Nargess Mohammadi received the Nobel Peace Prize 2023?
(a) ईरान में महिलाओं के उत्पीड़न के खिलाफ लड़ाई / Fight against the oppression of women in Iran 
(b) नाटक और गद्य / Plays and Prose
(c) प्रकाश के ओटोसेकंड स्पंदन / Ottosecond Pulses of Light
(d) सीओवीआईडी ​​-19 के खिलाफ एमआरएनए टीके / mRNA vaccines against COVID-19

7. मौंगी जी बावेंडी, लुईस ई ब्रूस और एलेक्सी आई ई किमोर को किस काम के लिए रसायन विज्ञान में 2023 का नोबेल पुरस्कार मिला है? / For what work has Moungi G Bawendi, Louis E Brus and Alexei I E Kimor received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2023?
(a) प्रकाश के ओटोसेकंड स्पंदन / Ottosecond Pulses of Light
(b) क्वांटम डॉट्स (नैनोटेक्नोलॉजी में रंग जोड़ने के लिए) / Quantum Dots (for added colour to Nanotechnology)
(c) सीओवीआईडी ​​-19 के खिलाफ एमआरएनए टीके / mRNA vaccines against COVID-19
(d) नाटक और गद्य / Plays and Prose

8. जॉन फॉसे को किस कार्य के लिए साहित्य का नोबेल पुरस्कार 2023 मिला है? / For what work has Jon Fosse received the Nobel Prize in Literature 2023?
(a) जो न कहा जा सके उसे आवाज दो / Give voice to the unsayable 
(b) प्रकाश के ओटोसेकंड स्पंदन / Ottosecond Pulses of Light
(c) सीओवीआईडी ​​-19 के खिलाफ एमआरएनए टीके / mRNA vaccines against COVID-19
(d) "ईरान में महिलाओं के उत्पीड़न के खिलाफ लड़ाई के लिए" / Fight against the oppression of women in Iran 

9. मदर टेरेसा को 1979 में किस कार्य के लिए नोबेल पुरस्कार से सम्मानित किया गया था? / For which work was Mother Teresa awarded the Nobel Prize in 1979?
(a) साहित्य / Literature 
(b) शांति / Peace
(c) चिकित्सा / Medicine
(d) भौतिकी / Physics 

10. 2022 तक नोबेल पुरस्कार कुल ............... व्यक्तियों और 30 संगठनों को प्रदान किया गया है। / The Nobel Prize has been awarded to a total of ............... individuals and 30 organizations as of 2022.
(a) 1000
(b) 989
(c) 897
(d) इनमें से कोई नहीं / None of these

11. रविंद्र नाथ टैगोर को किस कार्य के लिए 1913 में नोबेल पुरस्कार से सम्मानित किया गया? / For which work was Rabindranath Tagore awarded the Nobel Prize in 1913?
(a) रमन इफेक्ट / Raman effect
(b) गीतांजलि / Gitanjali
(c) राइबोसोम / Ribosome
(d) समाज कल्याण / Social Welfare

12. किस महिला को दो बार 1903 में भौतिकी के नोबेल पुरस्कार और 1911 में रसायन विज्ञान के नोबेल पुरस्कार से सम्मानित किया गया है। / Which woman has been awarded twice the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911?  
 (a) मदर टेरेसा / Mother Teresa  
 (b) मैरी क्यूरीको / Marie Curico  
 (c) डगलस / Douglas  
 (d) उपरोक्त सभी / All of the Above

13. रेड क्रॉस की अंतर्राष्ट्रीय समिति (आईसीआरसी) के काम को कितनी बार नोबेल शांति पुरस्कार से सम्मानित किया गया है। / How many times has the work of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize?  
 (a) 4  
 (b) 3  
 (c) 2  
 (d) 6

14. वर्ष 1913 में साहित्य नोबेल पुरस्कार प्राप्त करने वाले पहले भारतीय कौन थे। / Who was the first Indian to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature in the year 1913?  
 (a) रवींद्रनाथ टैगोर / Ravindranath Tagore   
 (b) मदर टेरेसा / Mother Teresa  
 (c) सीवी रमन / C V Ramen  
 (d) इनमें से कोई नहीं / None of these

15. सबसे कम उम्र की नोबेल पुरस्कार विजेता कौन हैं, जिन्हें 2014 में 17 साल की उम्र में शांति पुरस्कार मिला था। / Who is the youngest Nobel laureate, who received the Peace Prize in 2014 at the age of 17.  
 (a) रवींद्रनाथ टैगोर / Ravindranath Tagore  
 (b) इनमें से कोई नहीं / None of these  
 (c) मलाला यूसुफजई / Malala Yousafzai  
 (d) मदर टेरेसा / Mother Teresa

16. सर सीवी रमन को 1930 मैं भौतिकी के क्षेत्र में नोबेल पुरस्कार किस योगदान के लिए दिया गया? / Sir CV Raman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930 for what contribution?  
 (a) रमन इफेक्ट - स्कैटरिंग आफ लाइट / Raman Effect - Scattering of Light  
 (b) गीतांजलि के लिए / For Gitanjali  
 (c) फिजियोलॉजी या मेडिसिन / Physiology or Medicine  
 (d) इनमें से कोई नहीं / None of these

17. अभिजीत बनर्जी को 2019 में किस क्षेत्र में योगदान के लिए नोबेल पुरस्कार दीया गया था? / Abhijit Banerjee was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2019 for his contribution in which field?  
 (a) शांति के क्षेत्र में / In the field of Peace  
 (b) आर्थिक विज्ञान के क्षेत्र में / In the field of Economic  
 (c) भौतिकी विज्ञान के क्षेत्र में / In the field of Physics  
 (d) रसायन विज्ञान के क्षेत्र में / In the field of Chemistry

18. इनमें से किन भारतीय को नोबेल पुरस्कार से सम्मानित किया गया है? / Which of these Indians has been awarded the Nobel Prize?  
 (a) कैलाश सत्यार्थी / Kailash Satyarthi  
 (b) वेंकटरमन रामकृष्णन / Venkataraman Ramakrishnan  
 (c) अमर्त्य सेन / Amritya Sen  
 (d) उपरोक्त सभी / All of the Above

19. नोबेल पुरस्कार के जनक के रूप में किसे जाना जाता है? / Who is known as the father of Nobel Prize?  
 (a) रवींद्रनाथ टैगोर / Ravindranath Tagore  
 (b) कैलाश सत्यार्थी / Kailash Satyarthi  
 (c) अल्फ्रेड नोबेल / Alfred Nobel  
 (d) इनमें से कोई नहीं / None of these

20. नोबेल पुरस्कार की शुरुआत किस वर्ष से की गई? / In which year the Nobel Prize was started?  
 (a) 1901  
 (b) 1902  
 (c) 1950  
 (d) 1960

21. डायनामाइट के अविष्कारक के रूप में किसे जाना जाता है? / Who is known as the inventor of Dynamite?  
 (a) अल्फ्रेड नोबेल / Alfred Nobel  
 (b) सीवी रमन / C V Ramen  
 (c) राइट ब्रदर्स / Wright Brothers  
 (d) इनमें से कोई नहीं / None of these

22. नोबेल पुरस्कार कुल कितने क्षेत्रों में दीया जाता है? / In how many fields is the Nobel Prize given?  
 (a) 4  
 (b) 5  
 (c) 6  
 (d) 8

23. किस वर्ष में, Sveriges Riksbank (स्वीडन के सेंट्रल बैंक) ने अल्फ्रेड नोबेल की स्मृति में आर्थिक विज्ञान में पुरस्कार की स्थापना कि? / In which year, Sveriges Riksbank (Central Bank of Sweden) established the Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel?  
 (a) 2000  
 (b) 1999  
 (c) 1968  
 (d) 1956

24. एक स्वर्ण पदक, एक डिप्लोमा, और कितने स्वीडिश क्रूना का मौद्रिक पुरस्कार विजेता को दीया जाता है? / A gold medal, a diploma, and a monetary award of how many Swedish krona is given to the winner?  
 (a) 1 मिलियन  
 (b) 5 मिलीयन  
 (c) 10 मिलियन  
 (d) 15 मिलीयन

25. अमर्त्य सेन को 1998 में किस क्षेत्र में योगदान के लिए नोबेल पुरस्कार दीया गया था? / Amartya Sen was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1998 for his contribution in which field?  
 (a) भौतिक विज्ञान / Physics  
 (b) रसायन विज्ञान / Chemistry  
 (c) आर्थिक विज्ञान / Economic  
 (d) चिकित्सा / Medicine

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